Green bonds are bonds whose proceeds go to defined environmental or climate projects – such as renewable energy or energy-efficient buildings. How green they really are depends on the individual case. For a long time, there were only voluntary market standards such as the Green Bond Principles of the International Capital Market Association (ICMA).
Since 21 December 2024, there has also been a voluntary EU standard for green bonds (European Green Bond): at least 85% of the proceeds must go to activities aligned with the EU Taxonomy, and external reviewers must be registered with and supervised by the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA).
Check what the money is actually used for, whether there is an external review (e.g. a second-party opinion) and whether the issuer reports regularly on the use of proceeds and impact. And remember: a green bond says nothing about how sustainable the rest of the issuer's business is.